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Specifications
- CAS No.
- 55-56-1
- Molecular formula
- C22H30Cl2N10
- Molecular weight
- 505.45
- Melting point
- 134-136°C
- Boiling point
- Approximately 641°C (rough estimate)
Appearance & character
White to off-white crystalline powder. It is the free base form of chlorhexidine, a bisbiguanide antimicrobial compound.
Product overview
Chlorhexidine is a cationic broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent belonging to the bis(biguanide) family, with the chemical formula C22H30Cl2N10 and molecular weight of 505.45 g/mol. Also known as chlorhexidine base, it is the parent compound from which various salt forms (acetate, gluconate, hydrochloride) are derived. Chlorhexidine acts by destabilizing bacterial cell membranes, leading to leakage of intracellular components and cell death. It is effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, with particularly strong activity against Gram-positive organisms. It is widely used in healthcare, personal care, and industrial applications.
Key features
- Broad-spectrum antibacterial activity
- Cationic compound with strong binding to bacterial membranes
- Low water solubility in base form (salts have better solubility)
- Effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
- Persistent antimicrobial effect with residual activity
- Low systemic toxicity
- Bitter taste characteristic
- Stable under proper storage conditions.
Applications
- Pharmaceutical industry
- raw material for manufacturing chlorhexidine salts (acetate, gluconate, hydrochloride)
- Medical applications
- antiseptic and disinfectant for skin, wounds, and instruments
- Dental care
- active ingredient in mouthwashes and dental products
- Veterinary medicine
- antiseptic for animal care, wound treatment, and surgical procedures
- Personal care
- preservative and antimicrobial agent in cosmetics and toiletries
- Industrial
- disinfectant for industrial surfaces and equipment
- Research
- biochemical tool and reference standard for analytical methods
- Household
- antimicrobial ingredient in cleaning and hygiene products.
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